TAE40110 CERTificate IV in Training and Assesment Essay

TAE40110 CERTificate IV in Training and Assesment - Essay Example d †and place at the highest point of your portfolio CANDIDATE to finish this segment Name: Slobodanka Vukcevic Address: Unit 218/285-305 Center rd Bentleigh Phone: Daytime: 0432541803 Evening:  Email address: sandramisticna@hotmail.com Company name:  Training date(s):  Training area:  Trainer name:  Assessment cutoff time:  Date submitted:  Candidate declarationâ€By marking underneath, I announce that: ? I have been informed with respect to the appraisal prerequisites, have been made mindful of my privileges and duties as an evaluation up-and-comer, and decide to be surveyed as of now ? this work environment venture is my own and contains no material composed by someone else aside from where due reference is made. I am mindful that a bogus affirmation may prompt the withdrawal of a capability or explanation of fulfillment. Marked: ___Slobodanka Vukcevic_______________________________________ Date: 16 10 2011 ASSESSOR to finish this segment Name of assessor:  Date portfolio got:  Date portfolio audit finished:  Result synopsis (subtleties over) First endeavor (tick right outcome): C  NYC  Second endeavor (if necessary): C  NYC  Assessment Results Candidate name: Slobodanka Vukcevic Assessor name:  first SUBMISSION (if necessary) second SUBMISSION Result TAEASS301A Contribute to evaluation  TAEASS401A Plan appraisal exercises and procedures  TAEASS402A Assess fitness  TAEASS403A Participate in appraisal approval  Comments first accommodation . (if necessary) second accommodation  Assessor close down first accommodation Assessor Signature: Date: 14 10 11 second accommodation Assessor Signature: Date:  Feedback to up-and-comer (assessors, mark proper box beneath)  This page replicated and given to up-and-comer as an appraisal report.  A different report was arranged and given to the up-and-comer (joined)  Feedback was given to the applicant in another structure (clarify): TAEASS301A Contribute to evaluation 1. Explain job and obligations in the evaluation procedure 2. Affirm hierarchical game plans for proof social occasion 3. Gather proof as per evaluation plan 4. Record and report discoveries. TAEASS401A Plan appraisal exercises and procedures 1. Decide appraisal approach 2. Set up the appraisal plan 3. Create appraisal instruments. TAEASS402A Assess capability 1. Get ready for evaluation 2. Assemble quality proof 3. Bolster the competitor 4. Settle on the evaluation choice 5. Record and report the evaluation choice 6. Audit the evaluation procedure. TAEASS403A Participate in appraisal approval 1. Get ready for approval 2. Add to approval process 3. Add to approval results.  Introduction to the appraisal assignments Overview The evaluation undertakings you are approached to finish are partitioned into three general classes:  The errands initially and competency hole Competency measures tended to Name and outline of undertaking TAEASS-301A TAEASS-401A TAEASS-402A TAEASS-403B Assessme nt errands Short answer questions ? ? ? ? Venture 1: (developmental

Manifest destiny: was it really imperialism? Essay

Colonialism is, by definition, the expansion of rule or impact by one government, country or society over another; show fate is the conviction held by numerous Americans during the 1840s that the United States was â€Å"destined† to grow over the mainland. This conviction of â€Å"destined expansion† was the same old thing to America’s pioneers for their vision of the United States when they originally settled it was that of a country that extended from the Atlantic to the Pacific. The American individuals themselves had fundamental purposes behind their imperialistic activities too, for the most part monetary and political. During the triumph of show fate the US obtained Texas, Oregon and California. Americans tooled over the West like a forceful imperialistic realm coming to over unclaimed grounds brimming with Native Americans and Mexicans so as to achieve their political and monetary predetermination. Animated by the American Revolution, Americans wanted to grow its regions. In February of 1821, Congress sanctioned the Transcontinental Treaty, which totally avoided Texas from American region. American’s emotions towards Texas immediately changed when they understood that cotton thrived on the Texas fields. The South immediately looked into the land. Mexican specialists even offered free land to gatherings of pioneers following the bargain and by 1830 there were 20,000 white Americans and 2,000 slaves living in Texas. In 1836 Texas pronounced their freedom from Mexico and after ten years was added into the US. The addition of Texas had been a contention for quite a long time in light of the subjection issue. Bondage was another issue that further powered expansionism, as the North and South each needed the country to concede new expresses that upheld its section’s monetary, political, and slave arrangements. The United States had no motivation to attach Texas other than the way that they needed the prolific land and more votes in Congress. They took cover behind the possibility of â€Å"Manifest Destiny† however in all actuality each area needed the land for its own motivations. We even battled a war of it. The superfluous extension of Texas is an ideal case of dominion in the United States. The extension battle in America during the nineteenth century extended as far as possible west to Oregon. Oregon was a domain that was imparted to the British under the Treaty of 1818. Americans forced the British to surrender theirâ claim to Oregon region. This permitted the Americans to satisfy their Manifest Destiny and own territory right to the Pacific Ocean. Very few individuals lived in Oregon previously yet out of nowhere, in the mid 1840’s, a tremendous band of individuals started to move to Oregon, prodded on by show predetermination. The land in Oregon was rich and the hide ample. This outing to Oregon got known as the Oregon Trail. These pioneers battled little wars with the Native Americans along the course, argueing over posession of land once they showed up. Numerous Americans took their property in Oregon by the method of the firearm. They pointed their firearms at everything that moved so as to get their property. This is dominion, how the legislature offered authorization to slaughter thousands without giving any acknowledgment at all to who was living there previously, to who’s home that may have been. Another case of government in the US can be seen by taking a gander at the manner in which we dealt with California. California was actually the way in to the Pacific and the exchange courses with Asia and China. West Coast harbors, for example, San Diego, San Francisco and the Strait of Juan de Fuca were considered â€Å"the keys to the trade† and the Americans needed them. A troop of American pioneers left on the California trail and, as the Mexicans had expected, the pilgrims brought word back and the US currently needed to attach California. President Polk had sent an emissary to Mexico City trying to buy California and different pieces of the Southwest. In May 1846 Mexico denied the offer. This refusal was one factorâ€along with the Texas annexationâ€that prompted the Mexican War. This land was not our own, we reserved no option to battle a war over it. That is dominion; the broadening a nation’s power by regional obtaining, forcibly now and again. America wound up winning the Mexican War and obtaining Texas and California alongside all the exchange courses, and it was marvelous for our economy however the end doesn't legitimize the methods. To finish up Manifest fate, the American arrangement of procuring certain decision regions, can be marked as simply forceful government for that is the thing that it is. We needed land and we got it since we did. We stomped on over Native Americans and Mexicans just to set up exchange courses and to increase political force. At long last we expanded our fringes by about 66%â through show fate, the tenet that was no more that a reason for Americans to become forceful settlers.

How Google Found Out It Should Be Doing Advertising

How Google Found Out It Should Be Doing Advertising There aren’t many companies in the world more popular and famous than Google. The technology giant has been successful in taking control of the Internet. The brand popularity is evident in the name not being just a company name anymore, but also representing the action of searching information online. Not many companies can boast about making it into the dictionary.But Google has been unique in its approach to advertising. Although the company makes most of its money through advertisements on its platform, the company itself can hardly be found on billboards and TV ads. What is this strategy all about and how has Google’s approach to advertising changed in recent years?This article will look at Google’s successful business model, the benefits it enjoys from its unique business strategy and approach to advertising. Finally, we’ll also look at the evidence behind Google’s shifting strategy and whether the company will use a more traditional approach in the future. © Shutterstock.com | Maksim KabakouIn particular in this article, you will find out about 1) history of Googles business model, 2) the benefits of Googles focus on advertising, 3) Googles experience with advertising, and 4) a conclusion.HISTORY OF GOOGLE’S BUSINESS MODELGoogle is an interesting company to study because it has done many things differently to other big technology companies. Its business model has definitely had its quirks in the past. Before you can understand Google’s approach to advertising, it is important to understand the company’s business model a bit better.Larry Page and Sergey Brin founded the company while they were studying for their PhDs at Stanford University. They both still have majority voting power in the company through a system called supervoting stock, although they don’t own the majority of the shares. The company went public in 2004 and it has reorganized its operations recently under a holding company called Alphabet Inc.Google’s missi on is focused on the idea of organizing “the world’s information” and making “it universally accessible and useful”. The unofficial Google slogan has often cited to be “don’t be evil”. The company’s mission statement is a great way to understand its business model as well.Unlike most companies, which charge people for their services, Google has always provided its search engine and the other related platforms free of charge. The profits have been solely derived from its advertising platform AdWords, as well as through other ventures it is currently running. Some of its newest innovative ventures include the Google Class and Google Car.While the company has since started many other adventures, its business model is still driven by selling advertisement page on its services. In fact, the company generates nearly 90% of its revenue through its AdWords program and other such marketing adventures.Part of Google’s successful start came from the strong foundations it re ceived in terms of funding. Despite the company being a small start-up, with the self-proclaimed geeks at the control, it received a huge venture capital backing. The funding allowed Google to pursue its business strategy, even though it didn’t have much to prove in terms of getting it all to work for the investors.Introducing AdWordsThe company launched its revolutionary AdWords program in 2000. The system is an online advertising service that allows users, such as website owners, to add ads on their platform and to benefit from the clicks the ads generate.Google has the right to select the ads used by the program and companies purchase advertising from Google through the service. But as well as becoming the main source of revenue for Google, the system also provides benefits to many users.AdWords has become one of Google’s most successful systems and helped the company take its advertising game on to a next level. Following the footsteps of AdWords, Google has also introduced advertising services such as the Google Advertising Professional Program and the Google Online Marketing Challenge.AdWords started out with a monthly subscription model, but it has since changed its revenue structure to accommodate separate business needs. The fee structure proved to be very successful, because businesses began noticing the benefits of advertising with Google. As Internet use grew, the program has become even more beneficial for many companies.Improving its own advertising strategyGoogle’s owners didn’t feel inclined to do a lot of advertising at the start of the business venture. Much of the company’s own advertising has relied solely on the word of mouth model, whereas satisfied customers are expected to provide the company with more users. With more users, the company will also increase its attractiveness to companies who want to pay Google for advertisement space.But it is important to note Google has made sure to actively target its products and services to two separate groups: companies and the “tech geeks”.The first group is obvious, as companies are what provide Google its main revenue. In this sense, marketing has been mainly done through hard cold data. Google is the master of metrics and it has been able to highlight the benefits of using Google as an advertising platform for companies. The more Google’s user base has grown, the easier this advertising campaign has become.But the second group has also been a big target for Google’s marketing team. It relies highly on the word of mouth of the so-called tech geeks. The innovative new products are especially focused on targeting these relatively wealthy and technologically driven people. As we’ll discuss later, the tactic has worked especially well with the company’s more innovative products.These technology converts help advertize the product and service further. By targeting these influencers, Google has been able to spread the word about its service to the wider pu blic without the need to create costly advertising campaigns.For example, the Google Glass was only available to a limited amount of people. First, offering a product, as a limited only option, will get the tech converts excited â€" people want to feel part of the exclusive group. Once these people got their hands on the actual product, they began talking about it and sharing their experience online. Blogs, tweets and YouTube videos of the product caught the public’s attention and Google was able to enjoy a buzz around the product before it has even launched! THE BENEFITS OF GOOGLE’S FOCUS ON ADVERTISINGBut why did Google’s focus on advertising revenue become such a successful model? To understand it, you need to understand the four Ps behind Google’s own marketing strategy: product, price, promotion and place.Product, price, promotion and placeGoogle’s business strategy put a lot of focus on the product. From the start, the aim has been to enhance user convenience and to ensure people get exactly what they want from the product: an answer to their questions. When Google started its search engine business, other operators were already doing the same thing. But while search engines such as Yahoo were filled with clunky ads and mention’s of the company’s own products, Google simply had the company logo and a field to search for answers.Google’s also been clever with its pricing. Because it has been so successful in its word of mouth advertising, companies have wanted to get a share of the advertising money. Instead of enjoying this revenue themselves, Google created the clever AdWords software. This way, simply by using Google’s services, users have also been able to receive a part of the revenue pie! Not only do you get many of Google’s services free, you might even use them to make money. This then gets more people interested, which in turn meanmore companies are interested in advertising with Google.This leads to the third P â€" promotion. Google doesn’t need to do much of initial advertising for its own product because it spread like wildfire through word of mouth. Its product was so much better to the alternatives, which got people interested. Its pricing was just perfect to get the attention of users as well as advertisers, increasing its visibility on the Internet even further.Finally, Google operates in the perfect place for advertising in the 21st century: the Internet. Advertising in the older mediums is becoming less relevant and by dominating the search engine world, Google has ensured companies can’t do without its platforms. For any company, it would be a near advertising suicide not to be on the Internet. Furthermore, when 1.2 trillion searches in the world are done through Google each year, it would be crazy not to associate yourself with this company.90% of revenue comes from advertisingThe above strategy of the four Ps has resulted in Google generating the majority of its revenue from advertising. This has been an effective method and allowed Google the freedom to skip branding its products and services with expensive marketing strategies.By attracting a massive revenue stream without spending lots of money in marketing, Google has been able to use the money to enhance its current services as well as to innovate new things. Google hasn’t had to spend a lot of money on becoming a talked about business â€" it has done so by creating a great service.Big part of Google’s success is its focus on innovation. Instead of just relying on its search engine, the company has pursued aggressive innovative strategies that have spiralled on from operating systems to smart cars.Not all of Google’s products have become a success, but its revenue model has made it possible to pursue these different ideas. Undoubtedly some of them will fail, such as its tablet device, but some might become the key technology of the future.Word of mouth tactic works well because it also strengthens the Goo gle brand. In a meaner analogy, Google has created the perfect prisoner’s dilemma for advertisers. Because of its current position as the market leader, companies cannot afford to overlook the company, but companies might also not receive as many benefits from the business as they did in the past. You can read a bit more about this in the following section.GOOGLE’S EXPERIENCE WITH ADVERTISINGGoogle’s founders Larry and Sergey have held rather hostile views towards marketing since the beginning of the company. While the company itself based its business revenue model on advertising, it didn’t think it needed to go aggressively after advertising itself. According to the founders, advertisement often lacked the accountability of conversion. A company could put millions into a TV ad, but not receive any new customers.Much of the lack of enthusiasm towards marketing stemmed from the mistrust towards branding. According to reports, Larry didn’t like to use the word branding simp ly because it implied “technology alone was insufficient for success”.But the technology geeks at Google soon also discovered branding doesn’t need to be solely about self-appreciation. With a popular product, a great branding follows as well.Google’s winning concept in terms of its business has always been simplicity and speed. It managed to succeed as the world’s favourite search engine because it was fast and straightforward to use.Focus on the heart not the headIt could be argued that Google’s approach to marketing is focused on the heart not the head. Instead of selling big ads on their front page or spending a lot of money to advertise on TV, the company focuses on winning people’s hearts. They want people to use the products because of the convenience and reliability, not because you happened to see their ads on TV.Since the beginning, this has been the winning tactic for Google. Its whole success has relied on viral marketing â€" growing by word of mouth. The c ompany has always relied on targeting the right influencers with their product.For example, the latest example of this is the Google Glass. The product, or the prototype of the product, was available for people to test. Now, the whole point of it was to be a prototype and to give the users the chance to be part of the development process. It directly got people interested because it gave people’s inner geek room to play. Instead of targeting the people who would perhaps want the real and readymade experience, Google went after the heart.Getting a core group excited about the product will help spark more interest. People will talk about the product and recommend it to other people â€" especially at a time when the blog has become a big part of our communication.Creating a plan BBut Google’s business model is also partly the reason why the company has upped its advertising game. Since the company’s revenue mainly comes from one source, it has started to realize the problems this can cause to a company.No matter how successful Google is now in attracting advertisers to its service and guaranteeing a relatively free service for the user, it cannot rely on its luck forever. The technology world is especially cruel and new companies have popped up to replace old ones in a blink of an eye. Consider, for example, Google’s social media platform Orkut, which was quickly rundown by the success of Facebook.So far, Google’s strategy has been successful and advertisers continue to spend money to receive higher ranking or advertising space on Google’s services. But it doesn’t take much for this to change. In fact, studies have found companies aren’t benefitting as much through advertising on Google’s platforms as they might have hoped. While the model works quite well with new companies, established firms don’t necessarily benefit from spending thousands of dollars on the platform.This is one of the reasons Google became involved with other things outside of the world of search engines in the first place. Glasses, cars, apps, and other such products are there to boost Google’s revenue stream â€" to act as a so-called plan B.With these new sorts of ventures, Google has also required some advertising support as well.Using crowdfunding as part of its marketing strategyWhen it comes to marketing tactics, so far Google has relied heavily on the crowdfunding method. Consider its Google Glass project, for example. The company offered the Google Glass experience and was up front about it being still in development phase. The glasses itself cost quite a bit for the consumer, but the idea of being part of something new was enough to get people excited.Asking people to spend money on an unfinished product worked with Google well. It received a lot more new funding, not to mention it was able to gather people’s input and data to further enhance the product. Although Google didn’t advertize the product as a general kickstarter project, it surely fits the model perfectly well.CONCLUSIONWhen it comes to branding, Google has truly discovered the winning tactic: by creating a reliable and functional service and product, the branding will follow automatically. Google has been able to grow into a multibillion organisation simply by ensuring it offers customers something they want and something which works efficiently.But the company has recently also understood the dangers of becoming too successful. Google’s traditional advertising model is not providing as many benefits to some of the biggest companies as previously thought and the company has realized it must adventure into new strategies in order to stay on top. But the heart of its strategy hasn’t changed much â€" it still wants to provide a top-class service and product to get people talking.

The Globalization of Anime Essay - 3133 Words

Anime is an art form as it expresses cultural phenomena about Japan and its people. Like most other countries, cartoon has existed in Japan throughout the 20th century and onward, which began with traditional drawings and comics that dealt with political, social, and historical themes. However, what separates anime from the rest is that the anime included a huge portion of Japanese culture within it. In every series that aired, they include special holidays like Natsu Matsuri—summer festival, tea ceremony, traditional clothing such as kimono, etc. One could, from watching anime, notice the characters’ behavior are different and food and customs are different from American or western cartoon. Strangely, these differences in the anime,†¦show more content†¦Since then, hundreds of new anime TV show air every year which prove that the anime industry in Japan has become even more successful than the other Japanese film industry. In fact, â€Å"anime accounted for 90% of all Japanese TV exports, according to the Internal Affairs and Communications Ministry† (Cooper-Chen, 85). In the United States alone, â€Å"anime and related businesses such as box-office revenue and licensing of character goods generated $4 billion annually† (Cooper-Chen, 85). Also, Hayao Miyazaki, a legendary anime feature film director, also made several financially successful and critically acclaimed films. According to Box Office Mojo, Spirited Away, one of Miyazakis film, made a record breaking on global gross sales of over 274 m illion U.S. dollars. However, every year people are buying less anime DVDs because of the illegal internet file sharing and fan-subs. One of the reasons that American anime fans choose to share their shows as free files through the internet is because anime is usually take long to translate in English. They could not wait to have access to the most recent material that is published. In addition, American television does not have enough anime that aired on cable unless it is â€Å"strictly for children.† For example, shows like Naruto, Pokà ©mon and Dragonball Z that have been incompetently dubbed and edited to meet the children cartoon rating standards in order to be broadcast on channels likeShow MoreRelatedThe Globalization of Animated Features and the Merging of Cultures1030 Words   |  5 Pagesforms as anime, Japan has been spreading its culture and philosophy all over the globe, and this can be described as globalization. Up until recently, there were around 60 anime production companies, such as Crunchyroll and Funimation, and these companies â€Å"provided products in 112 countries† that held approximately â€Å"87 percent of the world’s population† (Anonymous). Additionally, in 2010, the anime-related market in North America region made around $2 billion, though this so-called anime is not aRead MoreGlobalization and Cultural Homogenization Essay1497 Words   |  6 PagesThe rapid development of economic globalization and cultural globalization enhances cultural transaction between different countries. Even though in this process culture between different countries still has its own characteristic on the whole, the cultural homogenization has been presented in social life, especially in the media industry. 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This is important as anime and related products generate over 1/3 of international media revenue (Shirong Lu, 2009). For example, the English release of the Japanese mobile app, Pokà ©mon GO, has gone viral in the United States, with people young and old playing and catching Pokà ©mon. Every year in California, Anime Expo was held bringing over people from all around the world. This year there was overall turnout ofRead MoreTranscultural Literature And Contemporary World Literature827 Words   |  4 PagesArianna Dagnino in her essay Transcultural Literature and Contemporary World Literature points out that â€Å"with the denationalizing wave of globalization, even national literatures are under pressure to find new arrangements of form and content to adapt to a changed cultural and social paradigm. In other words, a mutation is under way within the global acumen of letters where new notions of b elonging, as well as definitions of selfhood and identity are externalized through new creative artistic andRead MoreThe Culture Of Geek Culture1264 Words   |  6 PagesGlobalization has intertwined us up to the point where the whole world has become one entity. Consequently, different cultures have been integrated to what we today known as popular culture. The Internet has converted everything instantly viral like movies, series, book sagas, comics, anime and video games. There is no place on social media where you cannot feel identified with someone with an affinity of your resemblance. Today, being a geek is not an oddity, to the contrary, being a geek has becomeRead MoreBackground and Global Influence of Japanese animation1540 Words   |  7 Pagesthe world’s largest exporter of animation (Guo, 2013). The globalization of Japanese animation has huge development in recent two decades. Animation brings huge economic benefits to Japan. This essay will research various asp ects of Japanese animation, including background, global influences, differences between American and Japanese animation and cross-cultural communication. The research of this essay made one cultural flow of globalization clear. People all over the world will use artistic productRead MoreGlobalization Is An Indispensable Influence On My Life And Surroundings1080 Words   |  5 PagesLiving in the 21st century, globalization has become an inseparable influence on my life and surroundings. Defined as, â€Å" the integration of economic, political, and cultural systems,† this concept of international blending has interwoven itself into our modern structure of operation by influencing our daily interactions with business, trade, foreign affairs, and social customs. Globalization has made the world become a global marketplace for items, ideas, and culture unimpaired by national boundariesRead MoreImpact Of Globalization On The World1870 Words   |  8 PagesGlobalization can be defined as the process by which businesses or other organizations develop international influence or start operating on an international scale. (Oxford Dictionaries, 2016) Globalization is the buzzword of today as someone think it could develop the international. People can contact different things in their own place which are from other countries. Moreover, internet is more important things in globalization whatever for personal or society as it can let us to contact the things

Argumentive Essay Topics You Can Win on Education - an in Depth Anaylsis on What Works and What Doesnt

Argumentive Essay Topics You Can Win on Education - an in Depth Anaylsis on What Works and What Doesn't When you get your completed essay, make sure that you tell all your friends what a terrific service it is and what's the ideal place to acquire cheap essays. Such a vibrant and dynamic field is likely to create some amazing research questions. It's possible to opt for an intriguing topic from any area of science. Following are a few of the suggested sociology essay topic for those students that are unable to pick a great topic for their assignment. If you are concerned that you won't have the ability to locate an inexpensive essay writing service capable of dealing with your academic papers, we're here to prove you wrong. A proposal essay is a type of argumentative essay, where the author outlines the issue and provides an indisputable solution based on fundamental research. You have to understand completely that you're not writing a descriptive essay. An argumentative essay requires you to choose a topic and have a position on it. You are needed to write a minumum of one research paper in a semester for many the subjects. The more you fully grasp the simpler it's for you to compose a thriving research paper. At times, very good research paper topics are just the easiest ones. When deciding on your research paper topic, you must make certain it is neither boring nor worn out. Essays that go off the point with a lot of additional detail will acquire poor marks. Most of the folks have a tendency to run away from politics and thus the politics essays too, therefore it is quite important to grab the eye of the readers till the conclusion of the essay and that would be much difficult I know. The main reason for writing such a paper isn't just to discuss it. There's well-known that you won't have the ability to write a superior insightful research paper if you're not interested in the subject overall and in the subject specifically. Writing a stellar scholarship essay will be able to help you get more cash for college. At length, you'll find somebody who will write essays for money at the most economical rates for you. Writing an excellent essay can be a breeze if the author keeps in mind a couple of important pointersPost by Harshmeet. Writing an essay with Essay help can be a challenging undertaking. Generalizations Avoiding general statements or generalizations is a significant tool to generate a potent statement. Students accountable for bullying ought to be expelled from school. Generally, the teachers or professors assign the topics independently. Writers mainly accompanies a major part in the present generation education system. Education is among the fundamental activities in every society. Writing education essay is actually intriguing. Writing a scholarship essay can be quite difficult especially if you prefer to do it. Education improves the mental status and modify the method of thinking of an individual. It is an essential tool for everyone to get success in life and earn respect and recognition. It is very important tool for the people all over the world to make balance of life and its existence on the earth. Higher education is getting an increasing number of attention in the current scenario. Quality and importance of the education is rising day by day. Education department also should stop by all schools to set up and verify their should make sure that resources are allocated in accordance with their requirements and status. It is the most important factor which plays a great role in the development of an individual as well as a country. It plays great role in everyone's life as it brings positive effects on the human life. Utilize your present expertise, the information that you have heard before, and clarify your viewpoint. To earn argument logical emotions should not be regarded as as a tool. Still, it's much better to get a freedom of choice as far as you are able to choose the issue which interests you. It is crucial to teach the students with a suitable strategy to create the concept clear for everybody.

Intro to Legal Analysis Writing Free Essays

The statute on the next page deals with the denial of unemployment benefits in New Mexico. It lists the reasons for which the Division of Unemployment Services can disqualify a person from receiving unemployment benefits. Read the statute, and then answer the questions which follow. We will write a custom essay sample on Intro to Legal Analysis Writing or any similar topic only for you Order Now QUESTIONS: 1. Who enacted this statute? 2. Is this statutory mandatory or discretionary? Mandatory What causal term in the statute helped you answer this question? Shall 3. According to this statute, what are the three ways that a person can be denied unemployment benefits in New Mexico? . if it is determined by the division that the individual left employment voluntarily without good cause in connection with the employment 2. if it is determined by the division that the individual has been discharged for misconduct connected with the individual’s employment 3. if it is determined by the division that the individual has failed without good cause either to apply for available, suitable work when so directed or referred by the division or to accept suitable work when offered. Must a person do all three things to be disqualified from receiving benefits, or is it enough that they only do one of the listed things? It is enough if the person does only one of the 3 reasons listed What term in the statute helped you answer this question? Shall 4. Are there any exceptions to this statute? Yes there are exceptions If so, which of the three ways of being denied unemployment compensation do the exceptions apply to? The exceptions apply the first reason of denial of benefits. 5. Provide the Bluebook citation for this statute. N. M. STAT. ANN. Â § 51-1-7 How to cite Intro to Legal Analysis Writing, Essay examples

Women in Beowulf Essay Example

Women in Beowulf Essay In nearly every society throughout history, women have never held an extremely important place. The role of a woman seems miniscule compared to that of a man. However, there are some women who abide to the unwritten rules of how to behave, and others who challenge those rules. The contradicting roles of the women in the poem beowulf aim to show the differences between them and how they exist in society. The characters who are mainly introduced into these various roles in the poem consist of Queen Modthryth, Grendel’s Mother, Hrothgar’s wife Wealhtheow, and Queen Hygd; all of whom play roles in the poem that either contradict or relate to each other. In Beowulf, Queen Wealhtheow serves as the ideal example of an appropriate woman. After Beowulf defeated Grendel, the Queen spoke to all of the occupants of Heorot Hall as the hostess of the banquet. Just one small example of Wealhtheow’s cadence and poise comes from her praise to Beowulf for his defeat of Grendel as she says, â€Å"And so, my prince, / I wish you a lifetime’s luck and blessings/ to enjoy this treasure. Treat my sons/ with tender care, be strong and kind. / Here each comrade is true to the other, / loyal to lord, loving in spirit† (lines 1224-1227). This shows the genuine kindness that Hrothgar’s wife exudes. We will write a custom essay sample on Women in Beowulf specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Women in Beowulf specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Women in Beowulf specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The men react with extreme pleasure to her speaking, giving applause for their Queen, which demonstrates that men in that time period did hold respect for a woman who was tasteful, kind, and most importantly gave praise towards other men. Queen Wealhtheow serves as the picture of grace, poise, kindness, and most importantly as a vast contrast between other women throughout the poem. The next woman to make an appearance in the poem comes in the form of a monster. Grendel’s mother’s stark contrast to the traditional role of the queen shows that a woman who refuses to follow that traditional role becomes an outcast of society. Grendel’s mother first appears at Heorot Hall as everyone sleeps from the overwhelmingly joyful day of Grendel’s defeat. While they’re sleeping, she stages a surprise attack, slaughtering men for revenge. â€Å"Her onslaught was less/ only by as much as an Amazon warrior’s/ strength is less than an armed man’s/ when the hefted sword, its hammered edge/ and gleaming blade slathered in blood,/ razes the sturdy boar-ridge off a helmet† (lines 1282- 1287). The way in which she blindly murders so many men highlights her barbaric nature. She lacks all the grace and poise held by Wealhtheow. Her actions cause others in society to view her as a horrid monster. Grendel’s mother highly contradicts the traditional role of a kind or generous woman as compared to the Queen. Instead she plays the role of a horrendous murderer and burden upon society, challenging the well known role of women. One of the most obvious comparisons between women in Beowulf is that of Queen Hygd and Queen Modthryth. The contrast of the two shows the difference between an acceptable and unacceptable woman. The poem first introduces Queen Hygd as the ideal Queen, stating, â€Å"her mind was thoughtful and manners sure. / Haereth’s daughter behaved generously/ and stinted nothing when she distributed/ bounty to the Geats† (lines 1928- 1931). Throughout Beowulf, women who are thoughtful of men are seen as better members in society. Along with Queen Wealhtheow, Queen Hygd fulfills the role of the proper, submissive woman. The introduction of Hygd acts as a perfect lead into the story of Queen Modthryth. After the poem introduces Queen Hygd, it offers a stark contrast by introducing Queen Modthryth. Her unacceptable behavior was inevitably only able to change because of her marriage to a man. The story of the Queen began by telling how she committed awful murders, and the negativity that came from these crimes. Most people showed this as they thought,† Even a queen/outstanding in beauty must not overstep like that. /A queen should weave peace, not punish the innocent/with loss of life for imagined insults† (lines 1941-1944). The tone at this point in Beowulf holds obvious negativity towards Queen Modthryth. Murder in that society of innocent people was highly looked down upon, especially coming from a woman. However, the tone of the story changes when another tale of Queen Modthryth marrying Offa begins. Because of her marriage, she becomes graceful, devoted to her king, and overall a better woman in society. This stark contrast created between both opposites, Queen Hygd and Queen Modthryth, contributes to the many differences of women throughout the poem. The main four women compared throughout Beowulf are Queen Wealhtheow, Grendel’s Mother, Queen Modthryth, and Queen Hygd. Both Grendel’s mother and Queen Modthryth are examples of horrifying monsters who commit the worst of wrongs. They starkly contrast the peace-bringing and gracious roles of Queen Hygd and Queen Wealhtheow. Both queens represent their kings, King Hygelic and King Hrothgar, with great poise and kindness, the ideal role for a queen. Overall the contrast between the women in Beowulf show how each differs and exists in society.

Suffixes That Denote Relation or Resemblance

Suffixes That Denote Relation or Resemblance Suffixes That Denote Relation or Resemblance Suffixes That Denote Relation or Resemblance By Mark Nichol When we refer to something suggestive of William Shakespeare’s works, why do we write Shakespearean (or, seldom, Shakespearian) rather than Shakespearesque? Why is an epic tale labeled Homeric rather than Homerian? What’s the difference between Christian and Christ-like? Is there a method to the madness of these suffixes? The transformation of surnames into adjectives is fairly random, and writers are strongly advised to consult a dictionary or to research online usage rather than rely on common sense. When such a suffix has not yet been bestowed on a name, audition the four forms (-ean, -esque, -ian, and -ic) and select the most euphonious among them, but only after considering whether it’s wise to use any of the options at all, rather than to simply state that something is reminiscent of the works or beliefs of a particular person. It takes a significant achievement or, more likely, set of achievements to merit this form, and your attempt to honor someone may be interpreted as irony. The good news, however, is that attaching one of these suffixes to a person’s name is, in a satirical context, an effective form of mockery or parody. (Consider, for example, a reference to a vocalist’s Bieberesque stylings. But beware of clumsy constructions like Kardashianian.) In sincere usage, reserve -esque for the most deserving recipient names, as with Lincolnesque. The suffixes -ean and -ian the former form dominates, though the choice often seems arbitrary is suitable for most other references (Sartrean, Freudian). The -ic option is most suitable for classical (Platonic) or historical (Napoleonic) references. And note the conversion of names ending in vowel sounds: Themes suggestive of George Bernard Shaw’s philosophy or the tone of his work, for example, are called Shavian, and a worldview akin to that of Henry David Thoreau is Thoreauvian. The seemingly most sensible alternative to simply append -like to a name is rarely employed; the only widespread example that comes to mind is in the distinction between reference to Christian theology or values and to Christ-like behavior or appearance. (The suffix -like is usually attached to a root word without hyphenation, but an exception is made for proper nouns.) Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Spelling category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Has vs. HadConnotations of 35 Words for Funny People5 Examples of Insufficient Hyphenation

The Invisible Hand of The Market

The Invisible Hand of The Market Invisible hand is the term first introduced by Adam Smith and it refers to the balancing force that creates mutually beneficial exchange for everyone. The invisible hand is a term attributed to the 18th-century economist Adam Smith and appears in his landmark 1776 book, The Wealth of Nations. The term developed from Smith’s study of another classical economist, Richard Cantillon, and was used metaphorically by Smith to describe the â€Å"natural forces† that drive free markets, a kind of product the human nature of people interacting in the market. The term only appears twice in Smith’s book (he had used it in an earlier work in 1759, The Theory of Moral Sentiments, but in a philosophical rather than economic context), but has grown to be cited, and often misinterpreted, as one of Smith’s most important concepts. What is the Invisible Hand? In a free, unregulated market, competition for scarce resources encourages market participants to act to maximize their self-interest. â€Å"Maximizing self-interest† is a typical economic textbook term that is often not clearly explained, probably because it sounds a little more dignified than â€Å"seeking to purchase resources at the lowest or most efficient costs, and seeking to sell goods, services, or assets for the highest obtainable profit.† Even though no one is acting for the benefit of anyone else, the self-interests balance each other, creating a mutually beneficial exchange for everyone. This â€Å"balancing force† is what Adam Smith metaphorically called the â€Å"invisible hand†. WHAT IS FIAT MONEY? In simple terms, if consumers and producers are both free to look out for the own interests, an equilibrium will be created. Consumers generate demand for goods, and producers respond by developing efficient production and distribution methods to meet the demand at the lowest possible cost; prices are regulated by competition, which is in turn created by the consumer demand. Society benefits as a whole, because as prices decrease due to competitive pressure and greater efficiency, volume increases; this obliges producers to pay more for labor to keep up with demand, which increases costs and prices, which are canceled out by the higher purchasing power of the now better-paid worker/consumers. Everyone gets what they want in increasing amounts, and no one has to worry about anything other than their own needs and desires. Misinterpretation and Controversy The idea of the â€Å"invisible hand† is popular with Objectivists and adherents of the Ayn Rand philosophy of â€Å"every man for himself†, but interestingly, the term in modern usage is applied to a section of Smith’s Wealth of Nations where it does not even appear. The idea that self-interested competition leads to larger social benefits appears early in the book, in Book I, Chapter 7, but the actual phrase â€Å"invisible hand† does not appear until Book IV, Chapter 4 in the following passage: â€Å"By preferring the support of domestic to that of foreign industry, he intends only his own security; and by directing that industry in such a manner as its produce may be of the greatest value, he intends only his own gain, and he is in this, as in many other cases, led by an invisible hand to promote an end which was no part of his intention.† The idea that Smith expresses – that individual ambition has greater benefits – is a common theme throughout The Wealth of Nations, but the way Smith uses the metaphor of the â€Å"invisible hand† specifically refers to domestic versus foreign industry. Because the metaphor is consistent with Smith’s philosophical theme, it has been used to underpin the entire philosophy of neoclassical economics; George Stigler, a key leader of the Chicago School of Economics and close friend of Milton Friedman, once famously greeted a symposium on Smith’s work by saying, â€Å"I bring you greetings from Chicago, where Adam Smith is alive and well.† Much of the confusion about what Smith actually said and intended in his own work and the apparent source of the neoclassical application of the metaphor is the 1948 book Economics by Paul Samuelson, in which he quotes Smith’s â€Å"invisible hand† passage in a way that combines a bit of Smithâ€⠄¢s explanation of self-interest among market participants with the original quotation, thus linking the metaphor – perhaps inaccurately, perhaps not – to Smith’s entire economic philosophy. Despite Dr. Stigler’s amusing greeting, Adam Smith is not, in fact, alive and well to add further insight to the argument over what he really meant, so the safest interpretation is an analysis of what he actually wrote. The market participant prefers domestic industry to foreign industry, and we can infer reasons why this might be so; costs of production and transportation are lower, the goods produced are more suitable to the local market because of more available and complete information, and as a consequence of all that, prices for the goods that are produced are lower. Because the domestic industries are preferred for those reasons alone, the domestic society benefits through the need for labor to produce goods and raw materials – a positive, unintended consequence of the market participants’ pure self-interest. Thus social benefit is created as if guided by an â€Å"invisible hand†. Criticism of the â€Å"Invisible Hand† The strongest argument against the validity of the metaphor, and its consequential idea that markets should be allowed to regulate themselves, comes from the Nobel Prize-winning economist Joseph Stiglitz, who wrote in his book The Roaring Nineties that, â€Å"the reason that the invisible hand often seems invisible is that it is often not there.† Free markets have certain limitations, according to Stiglitz, one of the most important being their inability to manage â€Å"externalities†. Stiglitz holds that the idea of unintended benefits being allowed to happen without some sort of accounting is irrational; if a person’s actions create a benefit for someone else for which he is not compensated, or if a person benefits from another’s actions without cost to himself, that person will adjust his activities accordingly – either reduce his activity to prevent â€Å"giving something away for free,† or reduce his activity to avoid paying for more tha n he needs, since he is receiving some of it at no cost. MONEY MAKES THE WORLD GO AROUND Stiglitz argues that any time there is imperfect information and some degree of risk uncertainty in markets – which is always – these â€Å"externalities†, which we can understand as â€Å"forces other than the supposed invisible hand and conceptual equilibrium of an efficient market†, are always present and make the market less efficient because market participants â€Å"hold back† a little. That is why, he says, that some of the most important developments in modern civilization, such as the telegraph, genetic advances in food production, and the internet, did not develop in markets but were supported by governments. In other words, some degree, hopefully, a balanced degree, of government intervention in markets is necessary, first to â€Å"take up the slack† in progress towards efficiency that is not happening in markets, and second to reduce risk uncertainty in ways such as enforcing contracts and protecting property rights.

Principles and Foundations of Physical Education Essay

Principles and Foundations of Physical Education - Essay Example This undergraduate Physical Education program aims at enlivening and educating youth for Holistic Lifestyles(Carroll,1994). This mission is achieved holding on to beliefs expressed in the following statements. Physical Education will challenge and strengthen the self. It is a continuous process and has physical, mental and social domains. It recognizes the equality of all. It believes in investing in the participants so that they can get the returns. It believes that total quality can be achieved through competent instructors, infrastructure and technology. Philosophy of sports is not a static idea. Different peoples had difference approach to sports. The Greco-Roman world wanted wellness with physical skill in the sports training. War was somewhat regular in their experience combat involved physical skill in success and survival. The association of character formation with physical training was not their primary aim.In fact compared to the Greeks , the Romans somewhat neglected physical education for their elite: "In significant contrast with common Greek practice, the Romans of the Republic neglected to provide youths with an organized system of Physical education".(Lee Too,2001) However, they knew, physical training imparted moral lessons: obedience, discipline and patriotism. In brief they had a philosophy of physical training suited to their needs. The meaning of Philosophy is not static. In the modern sense philosophy is dedicated to finding general principles in local circumstances. In the American context the meaning of philosophy derived from the reflections of great philosopher John Dewey. "This new physical education was grounded on the philosophy of education of American philosopher John Dewey, which emphasized learning-by-doing rather than rote learning and dogmatic instruction. Dewey also stressed that education must be an exploration of thinking and reflection, an interaction with and an environment for learning, and must be democratic where all share in a common life that provides associational settings."(Sage, 2003, p. xi)Prior to the twentieth century physical education programs in colleges were aimed contributing students health. Instructors in pre-1900 programs were usually medical doctors or individuals holding certificates from department of education. After 1900 there was increasing tendency to insist on a ba rralaureate degree for a physical education trainer. This tendency continued and with the end of war more fund was available for sports in colleges and this also gave an impetus. Eventually the global interest in sports promoted also by the media a sports culture became part and parcel of education. Education Aims of Undergraduate Physical Education In the present program the target group is the undergraduate students. Educational aims at each stage of education are different. This applies to also to physical education. "What may be true of the play of children is not necessarily true of the sport which interests those a dozen or so years older. The sport of men and the play of children are distinct from one another in structure. They have different aims

DANCE ANALYSIS Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

DANCE ANALYSIS - Assignment Example The current paper will compare ballet and hip hop and will discuss how such combination can create totally new dancing techniques and popular youth culture. Comparison between Ballet and Hip Hop Contemporary ballet is a form of dance influenced by both classical ballet and modern dance, which takes its technique and body control using abdominal strength from classical ballet, although it permits a greater range of movement that may not adhere to the strict body lines or turnout set forth by schools of ballet technique. Many of its concepts come from the ideas and innovations of the twentieth century modern dance, including floor work and turn-in of the legs. The video â€Å"Complexions Contemporary Ballet† on YouTube.com shows various dancing elements of contemporary ballet. The movements are more emotional and spontaneous than in the classic ballet with more emphasis on the expression of performer’s feelings and internal emotions rather than on the dance technique perf ection.

Evolution of Mobile Device Technology

Evolution of Mobile Device Technology Introduction Since the revolution of the smartphone in 2005 the development progress in this field grows rapidly. It became a part of our life and played a big role to change the attitude of our life style. This technology (smartphone) didnt stop at that level but it spread everywhere to cover all sides of our daily activities. Even anew terminology appear to name this technology is Internet of Things (IoT) where this concept describe any device connected to the internet. All this technology convert our life to something called smart, so nowadays we have smartphones, smart home, smart car ext. These smart devices facilitate our daily tasks where no need to set on the front of the computer or trying to find an open Wi-Fi because you are expecting an important email you dont know when it will be delivered to your inbox. This technology gave the people almost everything they need which has made people ask for more and it became their partner or even addicted. Day by day people relay more and more on the smart technology and they share all information even sometimes the secrets. This information start attract some people for any reason either to sell this information to third party or to blackmail their victim. This bring a new challenge to everybody in the society and there are a new cases daily because of the smart devices. The device can be a tool to attack the victim data or it found in the crime scene in both scenarios can be consider an evidence. Mobile device technology The mobile devices evolution is linked to the mobile technology where each one effect on the other one. Because the mobile device technology required a specific features. First Generation By looking to the first generation and list its features we can guess what kind of mobile device technology can be used in that period. According to (Agrawal, 2015)] the first generation was analog it was introduced in 1980. The technical specification was not that much where they focused on produce a mobile phone. The main feature of 1G mobile Speed up to 2.4 kbps so it was used for calling only It use analog signals (analog telecommunications standards) Poor voice quality Poor battery life Limited capacity No security Focusing on the last two points because they are related to the research paper. Regarding the security at that time 1G does not support the encryption. The security was limited where some phones (e.g. Mitsubishi MT-7) in 1993 has a pin code only. The memory as well didnt get that much attention, but later on in 1989 Motorola (8900X-2) add a small volume of memory which can store 20 telephone numbers in the address book. This generation is limited in everything even in the forensics user couldnt do bad things with it just verbally. Feature phones and smartphones From second generation the improvement obviously in the mobile device technology. (Qualcumm, 2014) Show the evolution on theses generations used digital signal compare to the first generation. This change took the mobile devices technology ahead with new features the users didnt experience them before in the previous versions of 1G mobile devices. In these generations there are basic features with different specifications. The diagram (DAS, 2015) show the different parts of the mobile phone. As the diagram shows the mobile device component, most mobile devices have a common hardware component (GSM Mobile Phone, n.d.), consist of microprocessor, a radio module, read only memory (ROM), a microphone and speaker, random access memory (RAM), a digital signal processor, a variation of hardware keys and interfaces and display screen. The operating system (OS) of a mobile device may be stored in either NAND or NOR memory while code execution normally happens in RAM. The general changes in the mobile devices is the size (capacity, screen) and the speed as well the quality of the display, but some time do any change in the phone means change the component chips used. This changes can lead to another technology. Overview of the feature phone and smartphone Feature phone Smartphone Processor Limited speed(~52Mhz) More speed(~1GHz dual-core) Memory Limited capacity(~5MB) Large capacity(~128GB) Data transmission Speed 64-144 kbps 300 mbps Display Small size color, 4k -260k (12-bit to 18-bit) Large size color, 16.7 million (~24-bit) Card slot None, MicroSD MicroSDXC Camera Still, Video Still, Panoramic, and Video(HD) Text input Numeric Keypad, QWERTY-style keyboard Touch Screen, Handwriting Recognition, QWERTY-style keyboard Voice input None Voice Recognition (Dialing and Control) Cell interface Voice and Limited Data Voice and High Speed Data transfer (4G and LTE) Positioning None, GPS receive GPS receive Wireless IrDA, Bluetooth Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, and NFC Battery Fixed/Removable, Rechargeable Li-Ion Polymer Fixed/Removable, Rechargeable Li-Ion Polymer Feature phone and smartphone has common facility, but the capability is much different. Where both types of phone support SMS (text messaging), voice and personal information management such as phonebook and calendar. Smartphone has a better capabilities and larger then feature phone where it support better screen resolution and have integrated keyboard or touch screen. Smartphones act as a small PC and support wide range of applications. There are many operating system (OS) (Guru, 2015) in the market for the smartphone the top OS popular are Symbian (Nokia), Android (Google), Apple IOS, Blackberry (RIM), Windows (Microsoft) and BADA (Samsung). These operating system support multi-tasking and designed to match the user requirements for a high end mobile device. Feature phones has a closed operating system, so the supported applications, games, personal information management and chat are limited. Memory Mobile devices contain two types of memories. The first type is volatile memory and the second one is none-volatile both of them work side by side. The volatile memory (RAM) is used for code execution. This type of memory is effected by the power, so if the power goes off RAM is lose all contents. The second type is non-volatile memory the contents are not effected when the power goes off. The main technologies for non-volatile flash memories are NOR and NAND. NOR memory first introduced in 1988 by Intel. In 1989 Toshiba introduced the NAND flash technology which has many benefits over NOR memory. NOR came to replace ROM with EPROM and EEPROM. The most advantage of NOR is the reading speed faster than NAND. In the other hand NAND has many features which is not applicable for NOR. These are the general difference between NAND and NOR NOR reads slightly faster than NAND. NAND writes faster than NOR. NAND erases data much faster than NOR. NAND has smaller erase units, so less erases are needed. There are different types of NAND memories but the paper focusing on the EMMC and UFS. EMMC stand for embedded multimedia card this chip is an advanced managed memory. According to (Samsung, 2013) it is widely used in phones, cameras, GPS and smart TV. It helps the designer to save time and make the product thinner. Also it enhanced the storage capacities and speed. One of the advantage of EMMC reduced the development time and control cost. The NAND memories before EMMC required changes either in the chipset or the OS. EMMC is a half-duplex because the interface is parallel so it will be read or write. UFS Mobile devices growth rapidly last few years this bring a challenge to the manufacturer to add memory that (Toshiba, 2015) will have a high bandwidth, high capacity, low power consumption and low cost. These factors were very important to improve the mobile devices. Because adding ordinary extra memory it will increase the cost of all mentioned factors. In 2014 Samsung announce about the new memory which meet the requirements of the four factors of the manufacturer. Universal flash storage (UFS) was built specially for mobile devices which required low power and at same time provide high performance. UFS is a full duplex because it has serial interface read and write done separately. The image below (BHATT, 2014) shows the advantage of UFS over EMMC Challenges according to (Zareen, 2010): The major challenges in mobile forensics are: The changes in the architecture of the new released of mobile devices, where the examiner has to be up to date and do more tests to be sure he can do data extraction. The new mobile devices it has the ability to encrypt the date this can be a big challenge to the examiner. Hardware differences there are different brand and model of mobile devices in the market the examiner has to come across as much as can of brands and model to be familiar about the technology. Lack of resources the rapid growth of mobile devices required new tools and acquisition accessories. Anti-forensic techniques make the investigation more difficult, as an example data hiding, data obfuscation, data forgery, and secure wiping. Passcode recovery the examiner has to work carefully to access the device without damaging the data. Malicious programs can be a challenge to the examiner it may attempt to spread to other devices over the wired interface or a wireless. Safety the examiner life can be on danger, the device can contain different kind of risk on the examiner life. The device may contain a biology or chemical hazards which will impact on the examiner. Data acquire process Capability Logical extraction, file system and physical extraction normally done by software. Even the locked mobile devices and with passkey can be unlocked using software. Not all mobile devices support the same process of data acquisition. Joint Test Action Group (JTAG) support in-system (ISP) programming and reading. It is an advanced hardware level data acquisition in the physical extraction stage. It depend on the Test Access Ports (TAPs) of the device and instructing the processor to transfer the raw data stored on connected memory chips. If the memory support JTAG then the TAP can be addressed of the memory through the JTAG interface. All memory address goes the though the data bus and it can be read by shifting the boundary-scan register value through JTAG chain. In this way the entire memory content can be read by find the memory address. The entire memory can be copied in this way. If the memory doesnt support the JTAG then it can connect to TAP of another device this could be the processor. The processor has direct access to the memory through the system bus. By connecting to CPU TAP the memory can be read. Steps of JTAG according to (Elder, n.d.) Identify TAPs by researching the forums and related websites as well documented devices. If the TAPs cannot be identified then check the device PCB for possible TAPs and trace it manually to find appropriate connector pins. Solder wires to the pinout in the mobile device. Connect the other side of the wires to JTAG emulator (RIFF box, volcano, ATF nitro). Select the memory sitting than read the flash memory. Analyze the data with the forensics tools. Chip-off Chip-off forensics is the next level if the JTAG method not work properly to extract data. This level involve physically remove the flash memory to extract the data from the mobile device then acquiring the raw data using specialized equipment. This way is powerful where it can be used to collect all data from the memory even if the device is damaged jut memory must be in a good condition. The examiner must pay attention to highest temperature can apply the chip to remove before it get damage. According to Samsung the temperature range of EMMC used in mobile devices are -25ÂÂ °C ~ 85ÂÂ °C. Remove the memory (de-soldering) chip using appropriate heat (-25ÂÂ °C ~ 85ÂÂ °C) always the examiner must monitor the temperature to be within the range. Clean the chip carefully to remove the comical suck on the chip memory. Use special chip programmer and adapter to acquire the data from a variety of flash memory (UP-828P Programmer). Analyze the data with the forensics tools. Samsung T479 Gravity 3 feature phone Manual extraction if the device is on and unlocked Isolate from the network Check battery status Check device status Record date and time Browse the device content using keypad or touch screen If the device powered off or locked Isolate from the network Check device status Turn on the device If not start try to charge it If cant be charge stop proceed If the device start but it is locked stop process Challenges Deleted data cant be retrieve because no tools used to extract data in this stage. Error may accrued. Browse the device it can be difficult because broken buttons or touch screen problem. Tools used to record the evidences. Ramseys STE3000FAV Project-A-Phone Logical extraction This stage required special software to extract data from the device. If the device is on and unlocked Isolate form the network (disable Wi-Fi and hotspot, airplane mod) Check the status of the device Document what on the screen and the apps running in the background Enable USB debugging and stay awake Check memory card availability If available copy card Create hash value Reinstall copied memory Connect mobile to PC has software to extract data List of data can be get in logical extraction Phone book Call Logs SMS Calendar MMS ESN/IMEI Pictures Videos Ringtones Audio/Music Memory Card If the device is locked connect to a PC has software to break lock (most of forensic tools) follow steps in 1 Tools used in this stage UFED 4PC, Oxygen and Xry (SIM call not supported) Challenges Cant retrieve deleted data File system If the device is on and unlocked Same procedure as logical extraction List of data can be get in logical extraction Extract user lock Files Decoding File System Reconstruction Bookmarks Calls Contacts Installed Applications MMS Notes SMS Web History Tools used in this stage UFED 4PC, Oxygen and Xry (SIM call not supported) Challenges Physical Extraction This phone doesnt support physical extraction. JTAG This phone support JTAG Samsung I9500 Galaxy S4 motherboard Mobile device Process Samsung T479 Gravity 3 Samsung I9500 Galaxy S4 Manual extraction Yes Yes Logical extraction Yes Yes File system extraction Yes Yes Physical extraction No Yes JTAG Yes Yes Chip-off Yes Internet of thing overview Internet of things (IOT) refer to any physical device which can have an IP address and connected to the internet. According (Fremantle, 2015) the IOT come to facilitate people life and make it easier. It will touch every aspect of our lives, including our houses, work places, transportation and even our bodies. This new technology make humans overcomes the location obstacle between people and the machine enabling them to communicate and interact intelligently. Rapid growth of Information Technology already allowed Internet of Things to start to be as a reality in recent days. If we look around us, we already started to see and touch the smart phones, home automation, smart traffic lights, smart sensor devices at industrial locations, Health services, Radars, Environment Researches, and many other sectors. Definitely, the future of IoT will be full of surprises and new unexpected and unpredictable technologies might be introduced. IoT technology is significantly growing at a critically dangerous pace and Information Technology Researchers predict that by the year 2020, 10th of billions of wireless devices will be connected wirelessly as part of the IoT industry. People will be able to do unimaginable things remotely in an unbelievable time and it is expected that almost anything might be connectable. According to (Lobaccaro, 2016) there are four categories: 1. Integrated wireless technology (IWT); 2. Home energy management system (HEMS); 3. Smart home micro-computers (SHMC); 4. Home automation (SHS/HA). Agrawal, J. (2015). Evolution of Mobile Communication Network: from 1G to 4G. BHATT, B. (2014, 4 13). Universal Flash Storage. Retrieved from Slideshare: https://www.slideshare.net/BhaumikBhatt4/universal-flash-storage DAS, S. (2015, 8 18). Parts of a Mobile Cell Phone and Their Function. Retrieved from http://www.mobilecellphonerepairing.com/parts-of-a-mobile-cell-phone-and-their-function-big-parts.html Elder, B. (n.d.). Chip-Off and JTAG Analysis. Retrieved from Evidence: http://www.evidencemagazine.com/index.php?option=com_contenttask=viewid=922 Fremantle, P. (2015). A REFERENCE ARCHITECTURE FOR THE INTERNET OF THINGS. GSM Mobile Phone. (n.d.). Retrieved from RF Wireless World: http://www.rfwireless-world.com/Articles/gsm-mobile-phone-basics.html Guru. (2015, 10 28). Top 10 Mobile Phones Operating Systems. Retrieved from shout me: https://www.shoutmeloud.com/top-mobile-os-overview.html Qualcumm. (2014). The Evolution of Mobile. Samsung. (2013). Samsung Smart Memory. Samsung. Toshiba. (2015). UFS memory. Toshiba. Zareen, A. (2010). Mobile Phone Forensics Challenges. http://forum.gsmhosting.com/vbb/f672/guide-how-find-direct-EMMC-pinout-step-step-pictures-1724774/ https://www.oxygen-forensic.com/download/articles/Oxygen_Forensic_Detective_Getting_started.pdf https://blog.elcomsoft.com/2016/01/forensic-acquisition-android/ http://www.bulleproof.com/Papers/Android%20Forensics%20Techniques.pdf https://blog.elcomsoft.com/2016/01/forensic-acquisition-android/ https://www.hackingloops.com/android-forensics-tutorial-4-unlock-android-pattern-lock/ http://resources.infosecinstitute.com/android-forensic-logical-acquisition/#gref https://www.gillware.com/forensics/blog/digital-forensics-case-study/forensic-case-files-htc-one-chip-off https://digital-forensics.sans.org/media/DFIR-Smartphone-Forensics-Poster.pdf http://www.gsmarena.com/samsung_t479_gravity_3-3335.php http://www.riffbox.org/jtag-news/riff-jtag-samsung-gravity-3-sght479-unbrick-dead-boot-repair-supported/

A Game of Thrones Chapter Fifty-one

Sansa They came for Sansa on the third day. She chose a simple dress of dark grey wool, plainly cut but richly embroidered around the collar and sleeves. Her fingers felt thick and clumsy as she struggled with the silver fastenings without the benefit of servants. Jeyne Poole had been confined with her, but Jeyne was useless. Her face was puffy from all her crying, and she could not seem to stop sobbing about her father. â€Å"I'm certain your father is well,† Sansa told her when she had finally gotten the dress buttoned right. â€Å"I'll ask the queen to let you see him.† She thought that kindness might lift Jeyne's spirits, but the other girl just looked at her with red, swollen eyes and began to cry all the harder. She was such a child. Sansa had wept too, the first day. Even within the stout walls of Maegor's Holdfast, with her door closed and barred, it was hard not to be terrified when the killing began. She had grown up to the sound of steel in the yard, and scarcely a day of her life had passed without hearing the clash of sword on sword, yet somehow knowing that the fighting was real made all the difference in the world. She heard it as she had never heard it before, and there were other sounds as well, grunts of pain, angry curses, shouts for help, and the moans of wounded and dying men. In the songs, the knights never screamed nor begged for mercy. So she wept, pleading through her door for them to tell her what was happening, calling for her father, for Septa Mordane, for the king, for her gallant prince. If the men guarding her heard her pleas, they gave no answer. The only time the door opened was late that night, when they thrust Jeyne Poole inside, bruised and shaking. â€Å"They're killing everyone,† the steward's daughter had shrieked at her. She went on and on. The Hound had broken down her door with a warhammer, she said. There were bodies on the stair of the Tower of the Hand, and the steps were slick with blood. Sansa dried her own tears as she struggled to comfort her friend. They went to sleep in the same bed, cradled in each other's arms like sisters. The second day was even worse. The room where Sansa had been confined was at the top of the highest tower of Maegor's Holdfast. From its window, she could see that the heavy iron portcullis in the gatehouse was down, and the drawbridge drawn up over the deep dry moat that separated the keep-within-a-keep from the larger castle that surrounded it. Lannister guardsmen prowled the walls with spears and crossbows to hand. The fighting was over, and the silence of the grave had settled over the Red Keep. The only sounds were Jeyne Poole's endless whimpers and sobs. They were fed—hard cheese and fresh-baked bread and milk to break their fast, roast chicken and greens at midday, and a late supper of beef and barley stew—but the servants who brought the meals would not answer Sansa's questions. That evening, some women brought her clothes from the Tower of the Hand, and some of Jeyne's things as well, but they seemed nearly as frightened as Jeyne, and when she tried to talk to them, they fled from her as if she had the grey plague. The guards outside the door still refused to let them leave the room. â€Å"Please, I need to speak to the queen again,† Sansa told them, as she told everyone she saw that day. â€Å"She'll want to talk to me, I know she will. Tell her I want to see her, please. If not the queen, then Prince Joffrey, if you'd be so kind. We're to marry when we're older.† At sunset on the second day, a great bell began to ring. Its voice was deep and sonorous, and the long slow clanging filled Sansa with a sense of dread. The ringing went on and on, and after a while they heard other bells answering from the Great Sept of Baelor on Visenya's Hill. The sound rumbled across the city like thunder, warning of the storm to come. â€Å"What is it?† Jeyne asked, covering her ears. â€Å"Why are they ringing the bells?† â€Å"The king is dead.† Sansa could not say how she knew it, yet she did. The slow, endless clanging filled their room, as mournful as a dirge. Had some enemy stormed the castle and murdered King Robert? Was that the meaning of the fighting they had heard? She went to sleep wondering, restless, and fearful. Was her beautiful Joffrey the king now? Or had they killed him too? She was afraid for him, and for her father. If only they would tell her what was happening . . . That night Sansa dreamt of Joffrey on the throne, with herself seated beside him in a gown of woven gold. She had a crown on her head, and everyone she had ever known came before her, to bend the knee and say their courtesies. The next morning, the morning of the third day, Ser Boros Blount of the Kingsguard came to escort her to the queen. Ser Boros was an ugly man with a broad chest and short, bandy legs. His nose was flat, his cheeks baggy with jowls, his hair grey and brittle. Today he wore white velvet, and his snowy cloak was fastened with a lion brooch. The beast had the soft sheen of gold, and his eyes were tiny rubies. â€Å"You look very handsome and splendid this morning, Ser Boros,† Sansa told him. A lady remembered her courtesies, and she was resolved to be a lady no matter what. â€Å"And you, my lady,† Ser Boros said in a flat voice. â€Å"Her Grace awaits. Come with me.† There were guards outside her door, Lannister men-at-arms in crimson cloaks and lion-crested helms. Sansa made herself smile at them pleasantly and bid them a good morning as she passed. It was the first time she had been allowed outside the chamber since Ser Arys Oakheart had led her there two mornings past. â€Å"To keep you safe, my sweet one,† Queen Cersei had told her. â€Å"Joffrey would never forgive me if anything happened to his precious.† Sansa had expected that Ser Boros would escort her to the royal apartments, but instead he led her out of Maegor's Holdfast. The bridge was down again. Some workmen were lowering a man on ropes into the depths of the dry moat. When Sansa peered down, she saw a body impaled on the huge iron spikes below. She averted her eyes quickly, afraid to ask, afraid to look too long, afraid he might be someone she knew. They found Queen Cersei in the council chambers, seated at the head of a long table littered with papers, candles, and blocks of sealing wax. The room was as splendid as any that Sansa had ever seen. She stared in awe at the carved wooden screen and the twin sphinxes that sat beside the door. â€Å"Your Grace,† Ser Boros said when they were ushered inside by another of the Kingsguard, Ser Mandon of the curiously dead face, â€Å"I've brought the girl.† Sansa had hoped Joffrey might be with her. Her prince was not there, but three of the king's councillors were. Lord Petyr Baelish sat on the queen's left hand, Grand Maester Pycelle at the end of the table, while Lord Varys hovered over them, smelling flowery. All of them were clad in black, she realized with a feeling of dread. Mourning clothes . . . The queen wore a high-collared black silk gown, with a hundred dark red rubies sewn into her bodice, covering her from neck to bosom. They were cut in the shape of teardrops, as if the queen were weeping blood. Cersei smiled to see her, and Sansa thought it was the sweetest and saddest smile she had ever seen. â€Å"Sansa, my sweet child,† she said, â€Å"I know you've been asking for me. I'm sorry that I could not send for you sooner. Matters have been very unsettled, and I have not had a moment. I trust my people have been taking good care of you?† â€Å"Everyone has been very sweet and pleasant, Your Grace, thank you ever so much for asking,† Sansa said politely. â€Å"Only, well, no one will talk to us or tell us what's happened . . . â€Å" â€Å"Us?† Cersei seemed puzzled. â€Å"We put the steward's girl in with her,† Ser Boros said. â€Å"We did not know what else to do with her.† The queen frowned. â€Å"Next time, you will ask,† she said, her voice sharp. â€Å"The gods only know what sort of tales she's been filling Sansa's head with.† â€Å"Jeyne's scared,† Sansa said. â€Å"She won't stop crying. I promised her I'd ask if she could see her father.† Old Grand Maester Pycelle lowered his eyes. â€Å"Her father is well, isn't he?† Sansa said anxiously. She knew there had been fighting, but surely no one would harm a steward. Vayon Poole did not even wear a sword. Queen Cersei looked at each of the councillors in turn. â€Å"I won't have Sansa fretting needlessly. What shall we do with this little friend of hers, my lords?† Lord Petyr leaned forward. â€Å"I'll find a place for her.† â€Å"Not in the city,† said the queen. â€Å"Do you take me for a fool?† The queen ignored that. â€Å"Ser Boros, escort this girl to Lord Petyr's apartments and instruct his people to keep her there until he comes for her. Tell her that Littlefinger will be taking her to see her father, that ought to calm her down. I want her gone before Sansa returns to her chamber.† â€Å"As you command, Your Grace,† Ser Boros said. He bowed deeply, spun on his heel, and took his leave, his long white cloak stirring the air behind him. Sansa was confused. â€Å"I don't understand,† she said. â€Å"Where is Jeyne's father? Why can't Ser Boros take her to him instead of Lord Petyr having to do it?† She had promised herself she would be a lady, gentle as the queen and as strong as her mother, the Lady Catelyn, but all of a sudden she was scared again. For a second she thought she might cry. â€Å"Where are you sending her? She hasn't done anything wrong, she's a good girl.† â€Å"She's upset you,† the queen said gently. â€Å"We can't be having that. Not another word, now. Lord Baelish will see that Jeyne's well taken care of, I promise you.† She patted the chair beside her. â€Å"Sit down, Sansa. I want to talk to you.† Sansa seated herself beside the queen. Cersei smiled again, but that did not make her feel any less anxious. Varys was wringing his soft hands together, Grand Maester Pycelle kept his sleepy eyes on the papers in front of him, but she could feel Littlefinger staring. Something about the way the small man looked at her made Sansa feel as though she had no clothes on. Goose bumps pimpled her skin. â€Å"Sweet Sansa,† Queen Cersei said, laying a soft hand on her wrist. â€Å"Such a beautiful child. I do hope you know how much Joffrey and I love you.† â€Å"You do?† Sansa said, breathless. Littlefinger was forgotten. Her prince loved her. Nothing else mattered. The queen smiled. â€Å"I think of you almost as my own daughter. And I know the love you bear for Joffrey.† She gave a weary shake of her head. â€Å"I am afraid we have some grave news about your lord father. You must be brave, child.† Her quiet words gave Sansa a chill. â€Å"What is it?† â€Å"Your father is a traitor, dear,† Lord Varys said. Grand Maester Pycelle lifted his ancient head. â€Å"With my own ears, I heard Lord Eddard swear to our beloved King Robert that he would protect the young princes as if they were his own sons. And yet the moment the king was dead, he called the small council together to steal Prince Joffrey's rightful throne.† â€Å"No,† Sansa blurted. â€Å"He wouldn't do that. He wouldn't!† The queen picked up a letter. The paper was torn and stiff with dried blood, but the broken seal was her father's, the direwolf stamped in pale wax. â€Å"We found this on the captain of your household guard, Sansa. It is a letter to my late husband's brother Stannis, inviting him to take the crown.† â€Å"Please, Your Grace, there's been a mistake.† Sudden panic made her dizzy and faint. â€Å"Please, send for my father, he'll tell you, he would never write such a letter, the king was his friend.† â€Å"Robert thought so,† said the queen. â€Å"This betrayal would have broken his heart. The gods are kind, that he did not live to see it.† She sighed. â€Å"Sansa, sweetling, you must see what a dreadful position this has left us in. You are innocent of any wrong, we all know that, and yet you are the daughter of a traitor. How can I allow you to marry my son?† â€Å"But I love him,† Sansa wailed, confused and frightened. What did they mean to do to her? What had they done to her father? It was not supposed to happen this way. She had to wed Joffrey, they were betrothed, he was promised to her, she had even dreamed about it. It wasn't fair to take him away from her on account of whatever her father might have done. â€Å"How well I know that, child,† Cersei said, her voice so kind and sweet. â€Å"Why else should you have come to me and told me of your father's plan to send you away from us, if not for love?† â€Å"It was for love,† Sansa said in a rush. â€Å"Father wouldn't even give me leave to say farewell.† She was the good girl, the obedient girl, but she had felt as wicked as Arya that morning, sneaking away from Septa Mordane, defying her lord father. She had never done anything so willful before, and she would never have done it then if she hadn't loved Joffrey as much as she did. â€Å"He was going to take me back to Winterfell and marry me to some hedge knight, even though it was Joff I wanted. I told him, but he wouldn't listen.† The king had been her last hope. The king could command Father to let her stay in King's Landing and marry Prince Joffrey, Sansa knew he could, but the king had always frightened her. He was loud and rough-voiced and drunk as often as not, and he would probably have just sent her back to Lord Eddard, if they even let her see him. So she went to the queen instead, and poured out her heart, and Cersei had listened and thanked her sw eetly . . . only then Ser Arys had escorted her to the high room in Maegor's Holdfast and posted guards, and a few hours later, the fighting had begun outside. â€Å"Please,† she finished, â€Å"you have to let me marry Joffrey, I'll be ever so good a wife to him, you'll see. I'll be a queen just like you, I promise.† Queen Cersei looked to the others. â€Å"My lords of the council, what do you say to her plea?† â€Å"The poor child,† murmured Varys. â€Å"A love so true and innocent, Your Grace, it would be cruel to deny it . . . and yet, what can we do? Her father stands condemned.† His soft hands washed each other in a gesture of helpless distress. â€Å"A child born of traitor's seed will find that betrayal comes naturally to her,† said Grand Maester Pycelle. â€Å"She is a sweet thing now, but in ten years, who can say what treasons she may hatch?† â€Å"No,† Sansa said, horrified. â€Å"I'm not, I'd never . . . I wouldn't betray Joffrey, I love him, I swear it, I do.† â€Å"Oh, so poignant,† said Varys. â€Å"And yet, it is truly said that blood runs truer than oaths.† â€Å"She reminds me of the mother, not the father,† Lord Petyr Baelish said quietly. â€Å"Look at her. The hair, the eyes. She is the very image of Cat at the same age.† The queen looked at her, troubled, and yet Sansa could see kindness in her clear green eyes. â€Å"Child,† she said, â€Å"if I could truly believe that you were not like your father, why nothing should please me more than to see you wed to my Joffrey. I know he loves you with all his heart.† She sighed. â€Å"And yet, I fear that Lord Varys and the Grand Maester have the right of it. The blood will tell. I have only to remember how your sister set her wolf on my son.† â€Å"I'm not like Arya,† Sansa blurted. â€Å"She has the traitor's blood, not me. I'm good, ask Septa Mordane, she'll tell you, I only want to be Joffrey's loyal and loving wife.† She felt the weight of Cersei's eyes as the queen studied her face. â€Å"I believe you mean it, child.† She turned to face the others. â€Å"My lords, it seems to me that if the rest of her kin were to remain loyal in this terrible time, that would go a long way toward laying our fears to rest.† Grand Maester Pycelle stroked his huge soft beard, his wide brow furrowed in thought. â€Å"Lord Eddard has three sons.† â€Å"Mere boys,† Lord Petyr said with a shrug. â€Å"I should be more concerned with Lady Catelyn and the Tullys.† The queen took Sansa's hand in both of hers. â€Å"Child, do you know your letters?† Sansa nodded nervously. She could read and write better than any of her brothers, although she was hopeless at sums. â€Å"I am pleased to hear that. Perhaps there is hope for you and Joffrey still . . . â€Å" â€Å"What do you want me to do?† â€Å"You must write your lady mother, and your brother, the eldest . . . what is his name?† â€Å"Robb,† Sansa said. â€Å"The word of your lord father's treason will no doubt reach them soon. Better that it should come from you. You must tell them how Lord Eddard betrayed his king.† Sansa wanted Joffrey desperately, but she did not think she had the courage to do as the queen was asking. â€Å"But he never . . . I don't . . . Your Grace, I wouldn't know what to say . . . â€Å" The queen patted her hand. â€Å"We will tell you what to write, child. The important thing is that you urge Lady Catelyn and your brother to keep the king's peace.† â€Å"It will go hard for them if they don't,† said Grand Maester Pycelle. â€Å"By the love you bear them, you must urge them to walk the path of wisdom.† â€Å"Your lady mother will no doubt fear for you dreadfully,† the queen said. â€Å"You must tell her that you are well and in our care, that we are treating you gently and seeing to your every want. Bid them to come to King's Landing and pledge their fealty to Joffrey when he takes his throne. If they do that . . . why, then we shall know that there is no taint in your blood, and when you come into the flower of your womanhood, you shall wed the king in the Great Sept of Baelor, before the eyes of gods and men.† . . . wed the king . . . The words made her breath come faster, yet still Sansa hesitated. â€Å"Perhaps . . . if I might see my father, talk to him about . . . â€Å" â€Å"Treason?† Lord Varys hinted. â€Å"You disappoint me, Sansa,† the queen said, with eyes gone hard as stones. â€Å"We've told you of your father's crimes. If you are truly as loyal as you say, why should you want to see him?† â€Å"I . . . I only meant . . . † Sansa felt her eyes grow wet. â€Å"He's not . . . please, he hasn't been . . . hurt, or . . . or . . . â€Å" â€Å"Lord Eddard has not been harmed,† the queen said. â€Å"But . . . what's to become of him?† â€Å"That is a matter for the king to decide,† Grand Maester Pycelle announced ponderously. The king! Sansa blinked back her tears. Joffrey was the king now, she thought. Her gallant prince would never hurt her father, no matter what he might have done. If she went to him and pleaded for mercy, she was certain he'd listen. He had to listen, he loved her, even the queen said so. Joff would need to punish Father, the lords would expect it, but perhaps he could send him back to Winterfell, or exile him to one of the Free Cities across the narrow sea. It would only have to be for a few years. By then she and Joffrey would be married. Once she was queen, she could persuade Joff to bring Father back and grant him a pardon. Only . . . if Mother or Robb did anything treasonous, called the banners or refused to swear fealty or anything, it would all go wrong. Her Joffrey was good and kind, she knew it in her heart, but a king had to be stern with rebels. She had to make them understand, she had to! â€Å"I'll . . . I'll write the letters,† Sansa told them. With a smile as warm as the sunrise, Cersei Lannister leaned close and kissed her gently on the cheek. â€Å"I knew you would. Joffrey will be so proud when I tell him what courage and good sense you've shown here today.† In the end, she wrote four letters. To her mother, the Lady Catelyn Stark, and to her brothers at Winterfell, and to her aunt and her grandfather as well, Lady Lysa Arryn of the Eyrie, and Lord Hoster Tully of Riverrun. By the time she had done, her fingers were cramped and stiff and stained with ink. Varys had her father's seal. She warmed the pale white beeswax over a candle, poured it carefully, and watched as the eunuch stamped each letter with the direwolf of House Stark. Jeyne Poole and all her things were gone when Ser Mandon Moore returned Sansa to the high tower of Maegor's Holdfast. No more weeping, she thought gratefully. Yet somehow it seemed colder with Jeyne gone, even after she'd built a fire. She pulled a chair close to the hearth, took down one of her favorite books, and lost herself in the stories of Florian and Jonquil, of Lady Shella and the Rainbow Knight, of valiant Prince Aemon and his doomed love for his brother's queen. It was not until later that night, as she was drifting off to sleep, that Sansa realized she had forgotten to ask about her sister.

Willy Loman as a Tragic Hero in Arthur Millers Death of a...

Willy Loman as a Tragic Hero in Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman Should Willy Loman of Arthur Millers classic, Death of a Salesman be regarded as a tragic hero, or merely a working-class, socially inadequate failure? Described by Miller as a self-destructive, insecure anti-hero, it seems almost impossible for Loman to be what is known as a tragic hero in the classical sense, but with the inclusion of other factors he maybe a tragic hero, at least in the modern context, or partially suit one nonetheless. To make the decision as to Whether Loman is a tragic hero or not, one must define the term tragic hero and reveal its development in theatre over the course of time. The tragic hero†¦show more content†¦Although Shakespeare tends to follow this pattern; his education may have led him to lesser liberal thinking. Miller believes it may also include the modern common man. To relate Loman to the likes of Lear, Hamlet, Oedipus, directly would be ludicrous but some comparisons can be made. As Biff states Loman does follow the wrong dreams but he does work and he is just able to provide for his family and pay off the mortgage. However it is clear that even Lomans best is not enough, this is shown by the result of the borrowing of money from Charley. As salesmen are paid on commission Loman cannot be faulted on this, as his age, work conditions and his mental state are all core contributors to the fact he cannot make ends meet. The other tragic heroes have faults of which are the trigger of their demise i.e. Othellos jealousy. Likewise Loman has his own faults, his main one being, and his belief in the American dream. The American dream is a concept that, any one who works hard, can succeed in the land of opportunity. This offers riches to those who start with nothing. Ben is a true representation of this as Willy states, à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦a man started with the clothes on his back and ended up with diamond minesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Loman has yet to achieve such a goal yet still holds on to the dreams atShow MoreRelated Willy Loman, Redefining the Tragic Hero in Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman1065 Words   |  5 PagesWilly Loman, Redefining the Tragic Hero in Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman      Ã‚  Ã‚   The events in the life of Willy Loman in Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman are no doubt tragic, yet whether or not he can be considered a tragic hero in a traditional sense is a topic requiring some discussion. Aristotle set the criteria for qualities a character must possess in order to be considered a tragic hero. 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Death Of a Salesman is a 1949 play written by american playwright Arthur Miller. It is a breathtaking play about Willy Loman, a salesman, trying to chase a dream that died long ago. It expresses how the old man’s life comes crumbling down with his last few attempts to make some of his dream reality and help his family in debt. Now people are debating weather Willy loman fits the right characteristics to be classified as a tragic hero. A tragic hero is someone who makesRead MoreWilly Loman: the Tragic Hero Essay1462 Words   |  6 PagesArthur Miller made the comment that a tragic hero â€Å"has the inherent unwillingness to remain passive in the face of what he conceives to be a challenge to his dignity.† Nowhere is this more evident than in Miller’s play Death of a Salesman, where salesman Willy Loman desperately struggles to regain a sense of dignity after experiencing a number of setbacks in his life. Despite not being able to provide for his family, Willy Loman continues the futile struggle to earn a living, which shows the despairRead MoreWilly Loman, the Modern Hero in Arthur Millers Death of a Salesman1739 Words   |  7 Pages In Arthur Miller’s essay â€Å"Tragedy and the Common Man†, a picture is painted of a â€Å"flaw-full† man, known as the modern hero of tragedies. Miller describes what characteristics the modern tragic hero possesses and how he differs from the heroes depicted by classic Greek playwrights such as Sophocles and Aristotle. In order to understand how drastically the modern hero has evolved, one must first understand the basic characteristics that the heroes created by Sophocles and Aristotle encompass. TheRead More The American Dream Conspiracy in Death of a Salesman Essay1728 Words   |  7 PagesArthur Miller’s Death of a Salesman tells the story of the failure of a salesman, Willy Loman. Although not all Americans are salesmen, most of us share Willy’s dream of success. We are all partners in the American Dream and parties to the conspiracy of silence surrounding the fact that failures must outnumber successes.(Samantaray, 2014) Miller amalgamates the archetypal tragic hero with the mundane American citizen. The result is the anti-hero, Willy Loman. He is a simple salesman who constantlyRead MoreDeath of a Salesman vs Hamlet: Tragic Heroes The Essence of Fragile Dreams1151 Words   |  5 Pagesevery person contains characteristics that describe that of a hero, do they not? Each human has endured hardship and suffering. Each human mind composes itself of superior and appalling traits. Each human mind invents a hero as someone they could not measure up to, no matter how much they hope and dream. In the plays â€Å"Hamlet† by William Shakespeare, and â€Å"Death of a Salesman† by Arthur Miller, the main characters, Hamlet and Willy Loman, possess several heroic qualities, but unfortunately their fatesRead MoreHow Is Willy Loman A Tragic Hero727 Words   |  3 Pages The tragic hero referenced throughout the essay Tragedy and a Common Man is Willy Loman from Death of a Salesman. What Arthur Mille r means by tragic hero is a protagonist in a play or a different form of filmography who is a subject for tragedy in its highest sense. The essay refers to a character who is ready to lay down his life to secure his personal dignity. The next reference to this character is society the struggle to gain a rightful position. The last proof of this is how Miller talks about